The very basics of operational amplifiers. Learn comparator, inverting, and non-inverting op-amp configurations. An operational amplifier, or op amp, is a dc-coupled high-gain electronic voltage ...

In some applications, a linear amplifier is required which has different gains with regard to the polarity of the input signal. Figure 1 shows an inverting amplifier which is linear within the second ...

My hands-on introduction to operational amplifiers was in 1969 while in the army as a junior scientist in the Atmospheric Science Laboratory at the White Sands Proving Grounds. We had taken a ...

Did you ever wonder how to calculate the stability of an op amp circuit? Put the wrong compensation network into the feedback loop, and you’re got an attenuator or, worse, an oscillator. It’s not ...

This file type includes high-resolution graphics and schematics when applicable. Most data-acquisition systems with wide dynamic range need a method of adjusting the input-signal level to the ...

In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...

Any typical digital design style with CMOS uses complementary pairs of p-type and n-type MOSFETs for logic functions implementation. Naturally, CMOS always ought to provide INVERTED outputs like ...